4.2.5 Dust layers
Dust deposits on snowpack become a layer—first at the top of the snowpack and then submerged if additional snow falls. When the dust is in the top layer, the decrease in albedo accelerates melting. As melting proceeds, the dirt remains on top and merges with any previously established dust layers to form one strong, thick dirty layer.
Furthermore, the dust embedded within the snowpack can induce internal melting and freezing. The resulting internal layers may exhibit a reduced degree of bonding that can affect snowpack stability in mountainous regions.